PREHISTORIC PERIOD 

500,000 - 2,000 BCE

• Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age) 

500,000 - 11,000 BCE

• Mesolithic Age (Middle Stone Age) 

11,000 - 7,000 BCE

• Neolithic Age (New Stone Age) 

7,250 - 5,400 BCE

• Chalcolithic Age (Copper stone Age) 

5,400 - 3,250 BCE

• Bronze Age  

3,250 - 1,200 BCE

• Hatti Civilization and Assyrian Trading Colonies 

2,500 - 2,000 BCE

HISTORIC PERIOD 

ca, 2,000 BCE onward

HITTITES

2,000  - 700 BCE

• Early Hittite Period

2,000 - 1,750 BCE

• Old Hittite Kingdom

1,660 - 1,450 BCE

• Hittite Imperial Period

1,450 - 1,190 BCE

• Late Hittite City States 

1,190 -    700 BCE

URARTIAN KINGDOM 

860 - 580  BCE

PHRYGIAN KINGDOM 

750 - 600  BCE

LYDIAN KINGDOM 

680 - 546  BCE

PERSIAN PERIOD

546 - 334 BCE

HELLENISTIC PERIOD

323 - 30  BCE

ROMAN PERIOD

30 BCE - 395  CE

BYZANTINE PERIOD

395 - 1453 CE

OTTOMAN PERIOD

1453 - 1923 CE

MODERN TURKEY

1923 - Present